By Allen Clawson, P.E.
As outdoor recreational spaces evolve, the integration of large manmade aquatic features has surged in popularity. These expansive recreational aquatic environments provide a broad spectrum of activities, catering to diverse interests and abilities. At the forefront of this transformation are aquatic engineers, whose expertise in designing inclusive, sustainable, and innovative features shapes the recreational landscapes of tomorrow.
Beyond Water Features
Aquatic engineers play a pivotal role in crafting multifunctional water features that serve as both recreational hubs and ecological assets. Their designs range from traditional swimming pools and splash pads to expansive artificial lakes, rivers, and lagoons. These features not only enhance aesthetics but also encourage water-based activities like kayaking and paddleboarding. As Damon Roberts, associate principal at Cloward H2O, explains, these features can be ornamental, such as those on golf courses, or actively recreational, supporting everything from swimming to fountain shows.
The design process for these features begins with a thorough understanding of the site’s unique characteristics, including climate, water availability, and ecological conditions. Engineers strive to create systems that harmonize with the natural environment, contributing positively to ecosystems while ensuring functionality and safety.
Sustainability
In the face of climate change and water scarcity, sustainability has become a cornerstone of aquatic engineering. Engineers focus on implementing eco-friendly practices such as rainwater harvesting, recirculation systems, and adaptive water management technologies. These measures not only conserve resources but also enhance the resilience of aquatic spaces against extreme weather events.
For large recreational water systems, innovative water sourcing options—like seawater, groundwater, or reclaimed water—are essential. Seawater systems, for example, utilize intake structures that filter aquatic life and debris, while constructed wetlands help purify surface water by removing nutrients and suspended particles.
Managing Recreational Activities
The management of recreational activities in aquatic spaces requires a blend of strategic planning, operational oversight, and visitor engagement. Lakes and other large recreational water bodies often host a variety of activities, from serene paddleboarding to high-energy water sports. This diversity demands careful scheduling and resource allocation to prevent overcrowding and ensure safety.
Lifeguard staffing, equipment rental management, and visitor flow coordination are critical components of daily operations. Segmented zones can cater to different activity levels—calmer areas for swimming and relaxation, and separate sections for watercraft or surfing. This approach minimizes conflicts and enhances the overall visitor experience.
Additionally, aquatic spaces benefit from clear guidelines and signage to educate users about safety protocols, permissible activities, and environmental conservation practices. Regularly scheduled training sessions for staff, combined with real-time monitoring systems, ensure that safety and service standards remain high.
Embracing Cutting-Edge Technologies
Technological advancements have revolutionized aquatic engineering, offering tools that improve both efficiency and user experience. For example, integrated telemetry systems monitor water quality in real-time, allowing for swift adjustments to maintain clarity and safety. Innovations in filtration technology, such as high-rate sand and regenerative media filters ensure superior particulate control, while the use of ozone ensures water quality and safety.
Meanwhile, simulation software enables engineers to predict water flow patterns and optimize circulation designs, creating spaces that feel both natural and inviting.
Ensuring Accessibility and Inclusivity
Modern aquatic designs prioritize accessibility to ensure that visitors of all ages and abilities can enjoy these spaces. Features like zero-entry designs, ramps, and accessible docks cater to individuals with mobility challenges, while interactive zones and multi-level pathways provide opportunities for everyone to engage. For families, shallow zones offer safe areas for children, while more adventurous activities like kayaking and surfing appeal to thrill-seekers.
By blending inclusive design principles with safety and functionality, aquatic engineers create spaces that foster a sense of belonging for all community members.
Water Quality Management
Maintaining water quality is a critical aspect of large multi-acre aquatic projects. These recreational water bodies are governed by standards that emphasize clarity and pathogen control. For instance, Secchi disk evaluations ensure optimal water clarity, while open recreation water standards, such as limits on fecal coliform counts, safeguard public health. Unlike traditional pools, these systems rely on dynamic circulation, filtration, and oxidation.
Roberts highlights the importance of addressing microbial risks in open recreation waters. Pathogens like Cryptosporidium and Naegleria fowleri necessitate robust treatment systems capable of interrupting microbial life cycles. Continuous monitoring and adaptable treatment strategies ensure water remains safe and visually appealing.
Aesthetic Appeal, Community Value
Aquatic spaces enhance the visual and social fabric of communities. Artificial lakes and rivers, surrounded by landscaped gardens, walking paths, and picnic areas, transform underutilized spaces into vibrant destinations. These areas promote health and wellness by encouraging physical activity and fostering social interactions.
Adapting to Climate Challenges
Aquatic engineers must also address the growing challenges posed by climate change. By designing flood-resistant structures and implementing adaptive water systems, they ensure these spaces remain functional and resilient. Rainwater harvesting, for example, not only mitigates flooding risks but also provides a sustainable water source during droughts.
Collaboration: A Key to Success
The creation of large aquatic systems demands collaboration among engineers, local authorities, and community stakeholders. Roberts emphasizes the importance of engaging key team members early to navigate regulatory frameworks and develop a site master plan. This approach ensures that projects align with community needs and environmental standards.
The Future of Aquatic Recreational Spaces
As demand for innovative outdoor recreation grows, the role of aquatic engineers becomes increasingly vital. Their ability to balance creativity, technical expertise, and environmental responsibility ensures that these spaces are not only functional and beautiful, but also sustainable and inclusive.
By integrating advanced water treatment technologies, adaptive designs, and community-focused planning,
aquatic engineers are shaping a future where outdoor recreational spaces serve as havens of enjoyment, health, and connection. RM
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
As vice president and managing partner of Cloward H2O, Allen Clawson, P.E., offers more than 30 years of experience in engineering, project management, design, and planning of aquatic systems and facilities across the globe. He has particular expertise in water quality technologies.